Perspective And Truth Changes Everything - 1680 Words

Perspective and Truth Changes Everything Benjamin Disraeliance once said, Characters do not change. Opinions alter, but characters are only developed. This quote exemplifies that viewpoints can always have a sudden shift at any point of time, but a person s moral quality must be established over time. Moral qualities do not change just on their own. This change of moral qualities may be shown by a person who dislikes someone, then realizes the truth and learns to love that someone. In Jane Austen s novel, Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth Bennet is the main character who is a lady in the Regency Era. Elizabeth lives in Longbourn with her parents, Mr and Mrs Bennet and her four sisters. Elizabeth s mother wants all of her daughters to get married soon because it is a great pride to have in the 19th Century. She wants her daughters to marry someone who is well off, or rich. In the beginning of the novel, Elizabeth s prejudice mindset and strong opinion blinds her from realizations happeni ng around her. She puts her trust in a man named Wickham, who Mrs Bennet approves and hopes for a marriage between them. Soon, Elizabeth s prejudice disappears allowing her to open up and fall in love. Throughout Jane Austen s novel, Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth grows from a character who is very independent and opinionated into someone who opens her eyes towards a person s change, which portrays her growth throughout the story. To begin, Elizabeth Bennet does not value loving aShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet And A Midsummer Night s Dream1580 Words   |  7 Pagesof reality created by our perspective, which make common illusions. Characters in Romeo Juliet and A Midsummer Night s Dream also experience this idea, demonstrated when they are tricked by their own perspective and only see what they think is the best scenario. Illusions are created based on people s perceptions of reality. It is then clear that in Romeo Juliet and A Midsummer Night s Dream, per spective creates reality. This perspective creates a version of truth that hides the reality fromRead MoreGod s Existence Of The Eternal Self Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pages The Rig Veda in Hymn # 10.90 describes the creation of the world, of everything in the world as Vedic sacrifice of Cosmic Man - giant, primeval man who was cut off by pieces, and was a material source for everything. The entire world came from the Cosmic Man and the world could not exist without him. It means that cosmic man is the Universe, the Galaxy and he is the Absolute, the Cosmos, he is Brahman or everything. Cosmic man is the beginning of Monism or Oneness, the philosophical schoolRead MorePlatos Allegory of the Cave and the Condition of Mankind1147 Words   |  5 PagesIn philosophy the distinction between truth and knowledge is effectively highlighted in Plato’s allegory of the cave, which illustrates the great limitations faced by philosophers in discovering the ultimate nature of realit y. Nevertheless regarding the theory of knowledge, the parable itself is highly symbolic and asserts that any knowledge gained through perceptual awareness is an illusion and are mere reflections of the highest truths. This allegory can be interpreted in many ways; however inRead MoreCritique on Kingdom Education Essay893 Words   |  4 Pagesincorporate a biblical worldview into everything they do. Each partner must advocate a Christocentric education so that the child will grow to academic and spiritual maturity. Parents, schools and churches must recognize their interdependent task of raising godly children; they need to support and encourage one another, especially in the area of education. Schultz (2006) defines a biblical worldview as one in which Christ is the center of everything and everything is based upon the Bible. This doesRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1441 Words   |  6 Pagesstories about the past to understand it better. O’Brien craves for peace through storytelling, he gets the truth of an event or idea by retelling it. O’Brien states that true stories are still true even if there are multiple perspectives from the same event. O’Brien presents that the way to know a true war stories is in the details, in the seeming. One person can not comprehend everything that happens in an event. He says â€Å"In any war story, but especially a true one, it’s difficult to separateRead MoreThe Science Of Math And Science By Mathematical And Experimental Proof1144 Words   |  5 Pagesquestions have been solved through the arts of math and science by mathematical and experimental proof. However, not all of the worlds’ problems can be solved directly through experiments and equations. Philosophy and theories are sometimes accepted as truth because there is no other explanation for a mind-boggling questions. Some philosophers or Scientists were even deemed blasphemous through their beliefs or teachings. Two men, born and raised in religious and still skeptic times were Renà © DescartesRead MoreThe Importance Of A Mahayana And Theravada Schools1671 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluenced by Buddhist schools changes an individual s perspective and attitudes. Interpretation of the stimulus will vary from a Theravada to a Mahayana Buddhist as their core beliefs of Buddhism differ f rom each other. This essay will analyse the views of a Mahayana and Theravada Buddhist towards the cartoon drawn by an Australian cartoonist and artist, Michael Leunig. While also examining the stimulus’s association towards The First Noble Truth, The Fourth Noble Truth and Eightfold path, BuddhistRead MoreWhat Makes A Person?1377 Words   |  6 Pagesperson has to believe it to be true. But what is true to one person may not be true to another. The definition of truth can be seen as a conformation to reality. Truth as well as knowledge can be seen as concepts that are up in the air, and difficult to formulate an actual idea that gives a sense of how universally this definition is determined. There are multiple definitions of truth as presented in Martha Stout’s, â€Å"When I Woke up Tuesday Morning It Was Friday†, and Karen Armstrong’s â€Å"Homo religiousus†Read MoreEscape from Reason and 10 Books that Screwed up the World and 5 others that Didn t Help1337 Words   |  6 PagesScrewed up the World Introduction Although the ultimate truth from God never changes, people’s rules and thought change. For this reason, as people change their standard and laws away from God’s truth, they face difficulties. To get through difficulties, people tried to find better way from their thinking. Even though people know that trading the truth with lies bring only destruction, they reject the truth. Furthermore, they say that the truth is the one brings destruction to the world. Because ofRead MoreThe Allegory Of The Cave905 Words   |  4 Pagesmake assumptions about life based on the substantial things they experience through hearing and seeing. Plato’s main focus was to convey a story to the world about the difference between beliefs and truth. Anyone can believe in something they see, but that belief is really just a shadow of the truth. Already from Plato’s illustration of the prisoners, one can tell that they have very little knowledge of their surroundings. Their lack of knowledge restricts them from knowing what’s going on in the

Henrik Ibsen An Alienated Moralism - 838 Words

An alienated moralist†¦ the kid who believes an android is better than an iPhone, or the Christian who does not believe in curing sickness with medicine. Whether it be in politics, religion, or civil aspect, there are millions of unpopular opinions. Despite the fact that today’s society is more accepting of what is different, the minority is categorized as those who chose not conform . For centuries, humankind has decided to punish an individual for their defiance to assimilate. According to Professor Mordecan Roshwald, a person unwilling to side with the majority due to their moral standings and independence is an â€Å"alienated moralist† (227). While Dr. Stockmann is a fictional character of 1882, his position as an alienated moralist†¦show more content†¦Roshwald’s The Alienated Moralist in An Enemy of the People critiques Ibsen’s hatred of democracy for being imperfect. While Ibsen’s attack may be weak, it addresses the flawed ca se. Although one may be right, it does not mean they are indisputable. EVen though, slavery does not exist today, there is a continual issue of discrimination against people of color. As of 2016, Police killed thirty-nine unarmed black people. Indubitably, these heinous actions should be punished, but that is not always the case. In the same way of Dr. Stockmann, the Black Lives Matter movement face a resentful majority. Additionally, the politics of power play an essential role in who becomes the minority and the majority. Peter Stockmann, the mayor of the small town used his political power to have people side against his brother. Similarly, Police force has used their role as law enforcement to defend that their wrongful doings are out of self-defense. All in all, Dr.Stockmann and Black Lives Matter have deemed themselves as the alienated majority due to their opponents’ power in politics. Moving forward, at the root of it all lies conformity. These separate roads are the difference between the majority versus the minority. â€Å"What has to be borne in mind, however, is the great danger of the pressure to conformity in some democratic societies, despite the legal assurance of freedom

Development and Aging Free Essays

Human development has led to have an insight into the developmental processes in humans throughout the life cycle. Biological, cognitive and personality are some of the aspects of development, which have been explored. The development in life cycle at all points can be understood by taking into account some primary forces; these are the mixture of past temporal conceptualizations, current developmental themes, and environmental influences. We will write a custom essay sample on Development and Aging or any similar topic only for you Order Now They constitute â€Å"Time sense†. According to the reports on American family history, the four approaches perceived by social scientists to study family are household composition, generations, family cycle and life-course. The study of life-course has been proved the most fruitful approach for a dynamic, complex view of families that acts as a linking line between domestic sphere and wider societal trends and concerns. The analytical approach of life-course contributes historiographically in four areas of family: life- childbearing, early child development, adolescence and old age. Development of health problems with growing age is another area to be focused on; study of difference in adjustment level of people in mid-life, late life transitions and stressful life events, the effect of family conditions on mental health is studied, the frequency of occurrence of mental disorders such as organic problems, schizophrenia and depression, with age. Age related sexual problems, substance abuse and psychosomatic problems are other areas of research during early, middle, late and elderly hood. However, it is quiet usual that most dramatic developmental changes takes place during infancy and early childhood. Researchers have accepted adolescence as the age of major changes. Middle-aged people are often found to be indulged in severe life events such as redundancy or divorce. In early old age (i. e 50s and 60s), people are encountered with the problems of retirement and reduced standard of living. The late old age consists of death of life partner and serious health problems. In nutshell, important developmental changes take place throughout our life. REFERENCES: Referred to http://registrar.ucdavis.edu/UCDWebCatalog/PDF/HDE.pdf Human Development http://www.p-e-p.org/ 1998). Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 53:113-140 A Developmental Line of Time Sense: In Late Adulthood and throughout the Life Cycle Calvin A. Colarusso, M.D. http://links.jstor.org/ Changing Perspectives on the American Family in the Past Susan M. Juster, Maris A. Vinovskis Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 13, 1987 (1987), pp. 193-216 http://links.jstor.org/ Clinical Issues of Middle Age and Later Life Boaz Kahana, Eva Kahana Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 464, Middle and Late Life Transitions (Nov., 1982), pp. 140-161 http://www.psypress.com/pip/resources/chapters/PIP_adolescence.pdf Adolscence, adulthood, and old age Michael W. Eysenck Dated 21st July 2007 How to cite Development and Aging, Papers

Puritanical Islam Essay Sample free essay sample

The puritan attack to Islam is revered by the more conservative members of the Muslim community as necessary and. at the same clip. is ardently denounced by modernists. As highlighted by the differences in Islamic idea by modernists. such as Khaled Abu El Fadl. and that of more traditional minds. including Sayyid Qutb. Abu-L-‘Ala’ Mawdudi. and Ayatullah Ruhullah Khumayni. there are clear divisions between the two groups. These divergencies between the two groups are highlighted through their sentiments toward the nature of rational thought. Islamic jurisprudence. authorities. and modernism. Puritanical Islam is a motion by which Muslims seek to return to the â€Å"pure† and Orthodox pattern of the basicss of Islam. as exemplified in the Quran and the life of the Prophet Mohammed ( El Fadl 2005. 82-87 ) . It is an apprehension of the Quran and spiritual texts. in their actual signifier. as ultimate spiritual authorization that must be adhered excessively in every f acet of a Muslim’s day-to-day life. We will write a custom essay sample on Puritanical Islam Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However. non all Muslims adhere to the puritan attack to Islam. and therefore. there are clear differentiations that separate modernist Muslims. such as El Fadl. and puritan advocators. Even though both groups do revere and consecrate the basicss of Islam. they understand and adhere to them otherwise. Modernists apply reason to spiritual texts. utilizing the basicss of Islam as a means to understand modern times. and implement their apprehensions consequently. On the other manus. Puritans deny the usage of reason in adhering to the Quran and Sunnah. and understand them in their actual sense. denying anything that diverges from the written word ( El Fadl 2005. 128-29 ) . Therefore. modernist minds describe Puritans as being unaccepting of any Islamic legal expert or spiritual figure who is non a rigorous â€Å"literalist. † which wholly denounces the beauty of the human head and its ability to utilize reason as a beginning for understanding ( El Fadl 2005. 96-97 ) . Furthermore. the function that reason dramas in the Muslim reading of spiritual texts. leads to an apprehension of Islamic jurisprudence that is clearly different between modernists and puritan min ds. Islamic jurisprudence. harmonizing to el Fadl. can be interpreted utilizing historical histories. and reason. leting it to set harmonizing to modern times. and in bend. modern-day state of affairss. However. because puritan minds denounce the usage of reason in Islamic idea. and believe that Islamic jurisprudence is meant to be understood in its actual signifier. without respect for its historical context. there is a strong divide between modernist and puritan minds on this subject. Modernists understand Islamic jurisprudence as a human reading of Sharia. known as fiqh. which unlike Sharia. is non godly or ageless. Fiqh is the human reading of Sharia Law and is capable to â€Å"error. change. development. and nullification. † ( El Fadl 2005. 150 ) . Harmonizing to El Fadl. it is so chesty for puritan trusters to believe that they â€Å"successfully comprehend† ( El Fadl 2005. 150 ) what ageless jurisprudence is. and because of that. merely use fiqh to affairs that are n on straight addressed by God in the Quran or Sunnah. In conformity with El Fadl’s analysis of puritan thought. Sayyid Qutb presents that Godhead jurisprudence and metaphysical concerns do non let for interpretative idea. and implies that rational thought can merely be applied to the scientific disciplines and proficient professions ( Qutb 2002. 193-208 ) . Thinkers such as Mawdudi do use historical context to represent the instructions of the Quran. but do non let for an reading of the Quran based on historical events. Mawdudi makes usage of historical context to learn values and Torahs. connoting that illustrations brought Forth by the prophesier in his instructions have a clear aim that must be adhered excessively irrespective of alterations in society ( Mawdudi 2002. 208-15 ) . Furthermore. the rigorous application of Islamic jurisprudence to human behavior and political relations observed by Puritans straight affects their belief in a demand for an Islamic province. The puritan rigorous reading of Islamic jurisprudence influ ences its stance on Muslim authorities and morality to a big grade. Harmonizing to El Fadl. Puritans seek to use Quranic rules irrespective of the deductions: extenuation of justness. deficiency of clemency. and debased equity ( El Fadl 2005. 163-70 ) . It is besides mentioned that Puritan minds tend to trust on their actual apprehension of Islamic historical legal power. peculiarly determinations enforced by the Islamic Caliphate or the â€Å"rightly guided† . to warrant a coercive signifier of Islam that is upheld by authorities ( El Fadl 2005. 197 ) . First. even though El Fadl claims a separation between puritan thought and justness. puritan minds such as Khumayni. place Islamic jurisprudence. and in bend its enforcement through authorities action. as the lone agencies by which to accomplish true justness ( Khumayni 2007. 333-5 ) . Harmonizing to Khumayni justness and societal freedom can merely be achieved through the unchanged application of Sharia. which can merely be implemented through the supervising of a â€Å"perfect authorities. † as prescribed by God ( Khumayni 2007. 339 ) . He besides mentions that if an Muslim authorities is non put in topographic point by the Ummah. so they participate in a signifier o f devotion. as they obey and follow the Torahs and impressions of a false God ( mentioning to any important figure non set into power by God: despotic swayers. authorities figures. and presidents of republican authoritiess ) . The impression of holding an Muslim authorities. set Forth by justly guided swayers. is strongly disputed by El Fadl. as he presets that worlds are incapable of understanding Sharia. and can merely trust on fiqh. which gives manner to human mistake. Thus. El Fadl disagrees with the thought that a perfect signifier of authorities can be achieved through the human application of Sharia. and alternatively. brings forth the thought that a democratic authorities that allows for â€Å"check and balances. † is of a more perfect and merely nature ( El Fadl 2005. 197-98 ) . Additionally. El Fadl and Qutb portion the thought that puritanical trusters must insulate themselves from western civilization. and overemphasize piousness in times when they deem necessary. As stated by Qutb. â€Å"if in any age we find desire to overemphasise the pietistic facet of the religion and divorce it from societal facet. or to disassociate societal facet from it. it will be at mistake of that age. inste ad than on Islam. † ( Qutb 2007. 103 ) . Therefore. it can be derived that a push for an Muslim authorities by puritanical leaders is an attempt to eliminate modernisation brought upon the Islamic community by altering times and western civilization. In understanding the positions of puritanical minds. and that of groups that are opposed to such positions. one can break understand the generalisations that each group makes about one another. and recognize that both hold an utmost position of each other’s attack to Islam. Puritanical minds deem it necessary to implement Sharia into society. and preach the demand for an Islamic signifier of authorities that allows for justness and release from immorality. On the other manus. modernists hold the positions of puritan minds as ungrounded. and as defying of the human ability to ground. Modernists such as El Fadl believe in democratic authorities. and an execution of fiqh. the human appreciation of Sharia. that is in line with modernisation and modern-day times. Plants Cited Fadl. Abou El. 2005. The Great Larceny: Wrestling Islam from the Extremists. New York: Harper Collins. Khumayni. Ruhullah Ayatulla. 2007. Muslim Government. Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives. erectile dysfunction. John J. Donohue and John L. Esposito. 332-40. New York: Oxford University Press. Maududi. Sayyid Abul A’la. 2002. Fallacy of Rationalism. In Modernist and Fundamentalist Debates in Islam: A Reader. erectile dysfunction. Mansoor Moaddel and Kamran Talattof. 207–21. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Qutb. Sayyid. 2002. Islam as the Foundation of Knowledge. In Modernist and Fundamentalist Debates in Islam: A Reader. erectile dysfunction. Mansoor Moaddel and Kamran Talattof. 197–206. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Qutb. Sayyid. 2007. Social Justice in Islam. Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives. erectile dysfunction. John J. Donohue and John L. Esposito. 103-108. New York: Oxford University Press.

The Time Machine Book Essay Example For Students

The Time Machine Book Essay H G Wells wants us to compare the Morlocks with the crab-like creatures because he wants to show what will happen to humans when they evolve. Wells wanted to scare people. In this extract the time-traveller carries on moving on a hundred years He could be doing this to satisfy his own curiosity that this is not the ends of human life. Wells makes sure the time-traveller goes back to Victorian society to share what he has found because he is trying to implant the idea of change into the readers mind. This agrees with H G Wells ideas and could suggest that he is trying to warn the reader. We will write a custom essay on The Time Machine Book specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This could also show that he is trying to scare the reader. You could compare the book to current films like Day After Tomorrow because it deals with current issues. Day After Tomorrow talks about a current issue of global warming. When Time Machine was written there were many theories about evolution. For instance, the time-traveller goes forward in time and expects the world to get better; this could go with the issues that Darwin and his theory of evolution were raising in Victorian society at the time. The word desolation shows H G Wells agreement with Huxleys theory of entropy and decay. When the time-traveller goes forward in time, what he finds is not what he expected. The time-traveller expects everything/everyone to have evolved. What he finds is H G Wells view on the future-entropy and decay. When the traveller arrives in the future his first assumption is that the Eloi is the upper-class and the Morlocks are their slaves. This is a very capitalist idea and could easily relate to Victorian times. In the Time Machine, when the traveller is looking around again he has a sense of confusion about what is happening. The word again suggests that he has already looked around him and is still uncertain of what he is seeing. This could also make the reader nervous as they too dont know what is going on. The word uncertainly could suggest that the time traveller has a sense of what is going on but is not totally sure. The fear and tension that the time traveller could be experiencing might transfer to the reader because they know exactly what he does-which is not a whole lot. This could be disconcerting to the reader because they would like to know what is going on but cant. Throughout the extract you get a feeling of a horrific view of what humanity has evolved into. For example, the continuous references to monsters could suggest that what humans have evolved are extremely horrible. Also, the way the world has been described gives you a sense of horror. In the last half of the extract the way the world is described gives you a sense of the worlds end. This is because H G Wells describes everything as dying and its all just not very good. The same dying sea suggests that it has been going on for a large amount of time and there is no going back as its dying. Looking around me again suggests that the time traveller is unfamiliar with his surroundings and that he has already had a look and is quite unsure. I saw that, quite near creates a fear of the unknown as it could be something dangerous. Also it makes the reader think why didnt he notice it before now? What I had taken to be shows that the traveller was mistaken the first time. Also, quite far into the sentence, we still dont know what it is that they are going on about. A reddish mass of rock shows that this could be a new thing as its not actually red but that is they only thing you can describe it as. Furthermore, it suggests that it is big, hard-looking and irregular and there arent many things you can mistake that for. Was moving slowly indicates that it is big and irregular because it is moving slowly. .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 , .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .postImageUrl , .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 , .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66:hover , .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66:visited , .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66:active { border:0!important; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66:active , .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66 .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uab7883b54c79a61a01f2e2d8854acd66:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Antigone: The True Tragic Hero In Sophocles' Antigone EssayIt suggests fear as we still dont know what it is but it is moving slowly so the traveller wouldnt be in any immediate kind of danger. Towards me, at the end of the sentence we still dont know what this thing is, but the time-traveller is clearly in some kind of danger. This sentence is a great example of how Wells use of sentence structure builds up tension and fear throughout the book. When the time-traveller comes back for the first time and tells his story and continues on to disappear forever, it does not directly indicate that he went forward in time on the planet earth. He could have gone anywhere. The extract talks about a dying planet and everything on it but that could be anywhere. This could cause the reader to be confused or cautious because it doesnt give you a definitive answer of what happened. It could leave them intrigued into what happens at the end of the world. I think that Wells was successful in creating fear and tension because at many points during the book, the reader could become frightened as to what is going to happen to the world and the time traveller.

Free Essays on Case Analysis - A Tylenol Crisis

Introduction The following paper will discuss the effectiveness of the communication between Johnson and Johnson in regards to the Tylenol crisis and its intended publics. It will identify the publics involved while differentiated between internal and external. Further discussion of the impacts of the communication, how and if it could have been done more effectively will take place. Public relations tools and techniques, along with benefits and risks will be identified, and the paper will conclude by discussing, what could done differently, had this crisis occurred today. Effective Communication The Tylenol Murder case is a perfect example of an effective public relations campaign. These incidents occurred over a four year period of time within the same company. Bottles of Tylenol Extra Strength Capsules had been tampered with, and people had taking the medication for simple reasons, and died. The first thing that Johnson and Johnson did in the face of this crisis was to recall 93,000 bottles of the extra strength Tylenol capsules associated with the murders and then five days later when a copycat poisoning occurred Johnson and Johnson recalled all extra strength Tylenol bottles at a cost of more than 100 million dollars (Seitel, 2004, p 44). Johnson and Johnson as a company had done nothing wrong; however they began a campaign immediately that was two fold. The first as already stated was to recall all bottles of extra strength Tylenol capsules, which assisted in managing the crisis. Johnson and Johnson also encouraged consumer’s via media across the nation not to consume any Tylenol products, and not to resume use until the extent of the tampering could be determined. Then Johnson and Johnson offered to exchange all Tylenol capsules that had already been purchased for caplets (Kaplan, 2005, p 3 & 5). The second phase of the campaign was that Tylenol extra strength was reintroduced with a new triple seal tamper resista... Free Essays on Case Analysis - A Tylenol Crisis Free Essays on Case Analysis - A Tylenol Crisis Introduction The following paper will discuss the effectiveness of the communication between Johnson and Johnson in regards to the Tylenol crisis and its intended publics. It will identify the publics involved while differentiated between internal and external. Further discussion of the impacts of the communication, how and if it could have been done more effectively will take place. Public relations tools and techniques, along with benefits and risks will be identified, and the paper will conclude by discussing, what could done differently, had this crisis occurred today. Effective Communication The Tylenol Murder case is a perfect example of an effective public relations campaign. These incidents occurred over a four year period of time within the same company. Bottles of Tylenol Extra Strength Capsules had been tampered with, and people had taking the medication for simple reasons, and died. The first thing that Johnson and Johnson did in the face of this crisis was to recall 93,000 bottles of the extra strength Tylenol capsules associated with the murders and then five days later when a copycat poisoning occurred Johnson and Johnson recalled all extra strength Tylenol bottles at a cost of more than 100 million dollars (Seitel, 2004, p 44). Johnson and Johnson as a company had done nothing wrong; however they began a campaign immediately that was two fold. The first as already stated was to recall all bottles of extra strength Tylenol capsules, which assisted in managing the crisis. Johnson and Johnson also encouraged consumer’s via media across the nation not to consume any Tylenol products, and not to resume use until the extent of the tampering could be determined. Then Johnson and Johnson offered to exchange all Tylenol capsules that had already been purchased for caplets (Kaplan, 2005, p 3 & 5). The second phase of the campaign was that Tylenol extra strength was reintroduced with a new triple seal tamper resista...

B202B_TMA01 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

B202B_TMA01 - Essay Example urther argue that it is the identification of the cycles of technology that eventually determines the type of innovation but at the same time the cycles the same are affected and influenced by the innovation employed by organizations, especially in high technology sensitive product markets. Technological discontinuities, according to Tushman et al. (1997), intervene with incremental innovations – which are oriented towards improving and continuously re-configurating technologies – and eventually result in a conflict and rivalry between already existing technologies and new emerging technologies. Tushman and O’Reilly (2002) explain that the technological cycles involve four phases; the technological ferment where the emergence of technology is feasible and competencies are developed, the emergence of the dominant design – which reflects the best practices and the innovations on the technology, the retention phase which refers to the era of incremental innovation and improvement of the existing technology takes place and finally the variation phase, where technological discontinuity emerges and the competencies and capabilities of organizations are either enhanced or destroyed. Great importance is attributed by Tushmann and Murmann (1997) to t he second and fourth phase of the technology cycles; the authors suggest that the emergence of innovation with the selection of the dominant design sets forth the mechanisms for proceeding from product innovation to process innovation. While the focal point after the technological ferment is the development of the product, the choice over the dominant design energizes the innovation at the process level and shifts the attention to the process oriented new designs (Tidd et al., 1999). Once the dominant design is set it gradually leads to the incremental innovation which predominantly focuses on improving the â€Å"standard product† (Tushman et al., 1997). The next phase that is critical for the innovation with regards to

Site visit New Royal Adelaide hospital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Site visit New Royal Adelaide hospital - Essay Example Construction of the New Royal Adelaide Hospital begun in 2010, and at the time of my visit, the construction and commissioning had all been completed. Before me was a complete 9 level structure equipped with a car parking facility about 3 meters below the ground level. The entire facility has no basement. The building is shaped like a rectangle and broken up to resemble a chocolate bar in which 7 buildings are divided by 200mm gap connections. A visit to the patient section revealed single patient rooms that were aimed at enhancing the privacy of all the facility’s patients (and their visitors). There were approximately 800 wards that were all appropriately furnished with viewing panels. Furthermore, the patient rooms had special windows that were earthquake resistant to offer protection to the resident patient in case of an artificial or natural disturbance. I also noticed that the center had its own pharmacy, and as I would come to learn, this was purposed to arrest emergency situations when a patient was in need of urgent medication or attention. Apart from this, the facility further cements its position as one of the largest projects in the southern hemisphere, as it stands, by boasting 9mm columns and other building innovations that effectively ensure maximum reduction/ elimination of vibrations in the building and its surrounding especially during delicate patient surgeries that would otherwise be compromised in the wake of such mechanical disturbances. In addition, the make up of the hospital is a healthy mixture of reinforced concrete and steel which ensures the whole structure has more strength (2000 cfa piles). There are equally separations in the structure of the building which suitably permits movement of the building during such occurrences as earthquakes. The connections between the buildings, however, are well placed to al low for smooth flow of services from one building to the next. One side of the hospital is much

Immigrant Question Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Immigrant Question - Research Paper Example These are the immigrants from Asia, Africa and South America, the less powerful continents of the world, in terms of finance and geopolitics. These immigrant laborers are paid very low wages and have been reported to become victims of human rights violations many times, in the USA. The companies who employ them have also been accused of being insensitive to environmental concerns as much as they are to humanitarian concerns. This study is an attempt to find the root causes of the immigration problem by linking these two aspects based on a paradigm of sustainable development.Especially, the immigrants from South America have been employed in huge numbers by the multi-national companies which have ventured into mining, farming and railroad industry in the USA (Sheppard and Barnes, 294). What is the factor that made people from the developing world of South America to immigrate to USA (even illegally) facing risks even to their lives and why do they opt for the lower paid jobs and discr iminatory existence in an alien land, is the primary question that has to be addressed in this regard. The one and only logical answer to this question are that they had been deprived of their livelihoods in their native lands. And the cause of this phenomenon easily connects back to the intervention of the US capital in these countries, as will be made clear in the following part of this study. The companies who employ the immigrant workers in the USA have a notorious history of exploiting nature and human resources (Cooke, 52).

Hans Asperger Overview

Hans Asperger Overview What Sister Viktorine Knew Neurotribes, neuodiversity, steve sibberman, autism In 1931, Gottfried K. was brought to the Childrens Clinic at the University Hospital in Vienna by his grandmother for an examination. He was nine and a half years old, but so physically uncoordinated that Anne Weiss, a young psychologist working at the clinic, assumed that he was feebleminded. His grandmother told Weiss that she too was often confused by his behavior, but Gottfried was clever and smart. Weiss listened carefully, taking notes. His grandmother had brought him to the right place. She looked forward to discussing this case with her colleagues, especially Hans Asperger, the new pediatrician who seemed to take a special interest in gifted, sensitive children. Hans Asperger, the eldest of three boys, was born in Austria in 1906. But his brothers died young, and he became the only child. In his early life, he joined a group of young people who called themselves the Wandering Scholars, heading off on month long hiking trips to read poetry aloud in the wilderness. He met his wife-to-be, Hanna Kalmon, on one of these trips. After graduating from the University of Vienna, Asperger was assigned by his mentor, Franz Hamburger, to the Childrens Clinic at the University Hospital. The University Hospital was one of the most prestigious hospitals in the city. Doctors from all over Europe came to the city to observe surgeries in vast operating theaters and consult with the leading experts in the field. Since the mid 1910s, Vienna had hosted ongoing salons where physicians and scientists mingled with artists and musicians to discuss politics, art, science, and philosophy. Much of this cultural ferment originated in Viennas lively Jewish community, which dated back to the 12th century. In the years after the World War I, one in five inhabitants of the city was Jews, as were many of the faculty members who taught at the university. The Childrens Clinic was founded by a physician and social reformer named Erwin Lazar. By combining elements of medicine, psychology, and progressive pedagogy, Lazar developed an approach to helping children attain their potential based on the 19th century concept of Heilpà ¤dagogik, therapeutic education. The tight-knit staff at the special-education unit, known as the Heilpà ¤dagogik Station, included Asperger, Weiss, psychiatrist Georg Frankl, psychologist Josef Feldner, and a nun named Sister Viktorine Zak. Their approach to diagnosis was based on a method of intensive observation developed by Lazar. Lazar believed a childs true condition could only be measured by watching the child in the course of his or her daily life. Putting children through a battery of tests was not enough. No one mastered this intimate style of observation better than Georg Frankl, who had become Aspergers chief diagnostician. On his first day at the hospital, Gottfried did nothing but cried. But he adapted to his new life gradually. The reliable rhythms of the daily schedule seemed to comfort him. As Weiss got to know him better, she came to see the nine-year-old Gottfried was precociously smart, but he was unaware of things that most kids know instinctively. He didnt know how to play the games around him to his own advantage. Weiss published her in-depth case study of Gottfried in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry in 1935 after she emigrated to America in 1934. *** Over the course of a decade, Asperger and his staff examined over two hundred children who displayed the same cluster of social awkwardness, precocious abilities, and fascination with rules, laws, and schedules. They also saw several teenagers and adults who fit the same profile. Asperger believed they represented a distinct syndrome that was not at all rare but had somehow escaped the notice of his predecessors. In fact a Russian psychiatrist named Grunia Sukhareva had written about a similar group of young people with prodigious abilities in art and music two decades earlier in Moscow. She believed her patients had a disorder resembled schizophrenia with an essential difference. While adult schizophrenics always deteriorated, her patients often made dramatic improvements. She called this syndrome schizoid personality disorder. Though Asperger was unaware of Sukharevas work, he noted his patients condition was similar to the condition referred to as autistic thinking by the Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler. In 1908, Bleuler used the term autistic to describe a schizophrenic patient who had withdrawn into his own world. Asperger used the term autistic psychopathy to describe their condition. In a postgraduate thesis, Asperger described   prototypical cases named Fritz V., Harro L., Ernst K,. And Hellmuth L. Asperger was struck by these boys natural aptitude for science. He recognized that his patients blatant disregard for authority could be developed into the skepticism indispensable to any scientist. He called this distinctive cluster of aptitudes, attitudes, skills, and abilities autistic intelligence. His job as the staff of the Heilpà ¤dagogik Station was to teach these kids how to put their autistic intelligence to work. He called them his little professors. Asperger noted that many of these kids fathers and grandfathers were engineers and scientists, showing that the disorder might be genetic. But he cautioned that it would be foolish to search for a single gene responsible for such a complex range of behaviors and traits as these conditions were undoubtedly polygenetic. When Asperger submitted his thesis to Hamburger in 1943, the Nazis had occupied Austria five years earlier. Of the 200 senior members of the medical faculty, fewer than 50 remained. Aspergers colleagues, Anni Weiss and Georg Frankl, had fled the country, and many others were in exile, imprisoned in concentration camps, or dead of suicide.   Asperger was speaking out for the sake of children who had not yet been murdered by a monstrous idea of eugenics imported from America. *** The word eugenics (which means well-born) was coined in 1887 by a British named Francis Galton, the younger half cousin of Charles Darwin. Galton distinguished himself by his ability to recognize patterns. He popularized the notion of regression toward the mean in statistical analysis and the use of fingerprints in the science of forensics. Eugenics policies were first implemented in the United States. In 1909, the state of California passed a law granting public-health officials the right to sterilize convicts and the mental patients in California. Thirty other states had passed similar laws, and a wave of sterilization swept through asylums and prisons coast to coast. In October 1921, the Second International Congress of Eugenics was held as a gala week long event at the American Museum of Natural History in Manhattan, New York. The event was sponsored by the nations most prestigious museums and promoted in journals like Science and the Scientific Monthly. In the welcome address to the congress, Henry Fairfield Osborn, the museums president, urged his fellow scientists to enlighten government in the prevention of the spread and multiplication of worthless members of society, the spread of feebleemindedness, of idiocy, and of all moral and intellectual as well as physical diseases. As influential as they were at home, American eugenicists received an even warmer welcome in Germany. A 1913 textbook by Geza von Hoffman called Die Rassenhygiene in den Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika (Racial Hygiene in the United States) became the seminal guide to applied eugenics students in Germany. Incarcerated in the Landsberg Fortress in 1924, Adolf Hitler learned about eugenics from The Passing of the Great Race, written by a Yale graduate named Madison Grant. Grant mentioned that Galtons strategies for encouraging men and women of the genius-producing classes to mate would not stop the rising tide of idiocracy. He directed his fellow eugenicists to develop more expeditious means of eliminating the weak and the unfit. It was music to Hitlers ears. From his prison in Landsberg, Hitler dictated Mein Kampf to his deputy Rudolf Hess saying that as a compassionate defense of the lives of children yet unborn, the future Fà ¼hrer put forced sterilization at the core of his vision of a new society. As the National Socialist party rose to power in the 1930s, the body of American eugenic law became the blueprint for Nazi policies to defend Aryan from negative genetic influences. Unlike their American counterparts, German eugenicists did not plan to limit their efforts to asylums, prisons, and mental institutions. Instead, they aimed to carry out the implications of eugenic theory to their fullest extent. In July 1933, they enacted the Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring to sterilize any German citizen who showed signs of schizophrenia, alcoholism, bipolar disorder, Huntingtons disease, inherited blindness or deafness, or epilepsy. In June 1934, the Nazis assassinated the Fascist Chancellor Engelbert Dolfuss and replaced him with a pro-German and anti-Semitic successor. By 1935, a massive exodus from Austria was under way, prompted by new laws stripping Jews of property, jobs, and basic rights of citizenship. Anni Weiss was the first of Aspergers team to leave, arriving in America in 1934. The clinics gifted diagnostician, Georg Frankl, left in 1937, emigrating to Maryland with the aid of a Jewish doctor who had left Austria years earlier. On March 12, 1938, the day of the Anschluss, Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany. Gangs of civilians calling themselves Rolllkommandos looted department stores and shops in the Jewish quarter, often assisted by the police. Within weeks, the University of Vienna was transformed into the intellectual center of an academic movement to put racial improvement and racial research at the top of the medical agenda. Before the Anschluss, more than 5,000 physicians were practicing in Vienna, by the fall of 1938, less than 750 would remain. Many former professors at the university died in concentration camps. Others took their own lives. In 1938, Aspergers mentor Franz Hamburger gave a lecture to the society titled National Socialism and Medicine, affirming his support of the Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring. On October 3, Asperger gave the first public talk on autism in history, in a lecture hall at the University Hospital. He launched into the case histories of his patients, putting his audience on familiar turf. Then he proposed a radical way of thinking about cognitive disabilities that is opposite to the dogma of racial hygiene. He said the therapeutic goal must be to teach the person how to bear their difficulties, not to eliminate them. Unfortunately, his strategy of accentuating the positive to his Nazi superiors by basing his four prototypical cases on his chatty little professors rather than on the more profoundly impaired children he saw in the institutes, would contribute to widespread confusion in the coming decades. On the basis of the four prototypical boys in Aspergers thesis, many clinicians assumed that he saw only highly functioning children in his practice, which ended up obscuring his most important discovery that autism was found in all age groups, and had a broad ra nge of manifestations. That night was the beginning of Yom Kippur, the most sacred day in the Jewish calendar. For the next 24 hours, storm troopers and Rollerkommandos made brutal raids in the Jewish neighborhood, stealing, burning, plundering, and killing. A month later, on Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, ninety-five synagogues in Vienna went up in flames, and Jewish homes, hospitals, schools, and shops were demolished with sledgehammers. In Berlin, more than thirty thousand Jews were dragged off to concentration camps. Meanwhile, Aspergers old colleague, Erwin Jekelius, was rising through the party ranks and became the director of Am Spiegelgrund (formerly known as Am Steinhof), the largest mental hospital in Vienna. He was later called the mass murderer of Steinhof when he helped the Nazis started their euthanasia program. In 1941, Hitler arrested him when he fell in love with Hitlers sister, Paula Hitler. After a brief stint in jail, Jekelius was drafted into the army and sent to the Russian front, where he was captured by the Red Army soldiers. He died at the age of forty, from cancer of the urinary bladder. *** On February 20, 1939, a boy named Gerhard Kretschmar was born in Leipzig. He was born blind and intellectually disabled, with one arm and only a partial leg, and he was prone to seizures. The birth of Gerhard Kretschmar provided an opportunity that Hitler had been waiting for since his days in Landsberg prison. Hitler dispatched his personal physician to examine the child and gave orders to carry out euthanasia. In August, the Committee for the Registration of Severe Hereditary Ailments issued a decree calling for the registration of all children born with congenital abnormalities of any kind. Doctors and midwives were required to report all cases to the committee. On September 1, Nazi Germany invaded Poland, officially starting World War II. In December, Hitler signed a secret order authorizing the creation of a program call Aktion T-4, short for Tiergartenstrasse 4, the address of the Charitable Foundation for Curative and Institutional Care in Berlin. Closed door meetings were held throughout Germany and Austria to educate medical students about child euthanasia and T-4, which primarily targeted disabled adults. These programs became fertile ground for medical research that could not have been conducted in contexts where the patient was expected to live. More than 200,000 disabled children and adults were murdered through these official programs, and thousands more were killed by doctors and nurses on their own initiative. *** Asperger had never joined the Nazi party, according to his daughter, because of his loyalty to the Wandering Scholars. He refused to report his young patients to the Reich Committee, which created a dangerous situation for him. The Gestapo had showed up twice at his clinic to arrest him. Both times, Franz Hamburger had used his power as a prominent Nazi party member to intervene in his favor. By then, the Reich needed doctors on the front lines, and Asperger was drafted into the German army to serve as surgeon in a field hospital in Croatia. In September 1944, while Asperger was still in Croatia, the Allies bombed the Childrens Clinic, reducing the Heilpà ¤dagogik Station to rubble. As the ceiling gave way, Sister Viktorine threw her arms around one of her boys to protect him. They were buried together.

Protection from Punishment Essay -- Government, Separation of Powers,

During the early stages of the creation of a government, it is common to witness a heavy debate over ways to both restrict the power of the government from becoming a tyranny and protect the rights of individual citizens. Founders often realize that individual citizens, if not protected somehow, would be powerless to prevent against such a government if it became corrupt. Therefore, in the creation of the American and British governments, those worried about these possibilities suggested separations of power and individual rights to be included in the documents that form the government. This debate was extremely controversial in the formation of the American government, and created a rift that, if not resolved, could have torn apart the country. Understanding this possibility, the Federalists of America agreed to hear out the proposals of the Anti-Federalists during the ratification debates of 1789 through 1791. This Bill of Rights emphasized individual rights that would protect powe rless citizens from possible tyranny of the federal government, both physical and abstract. One of the amendments proposed by James Madison, and subsequently ratified, was that â€Å"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.† This amendment was eventually grouped into the ten amendments of the Bill of Rights, and is now known simply as the Eighth Amendment. Though this seems to be a rather straightforward law, below the surface one can see the history of struggle it was derived from, the fight that ensued over its incorporation, and how even the terms it uses have greatly affected its interpretation since December 15, 1791. As America was created almost as a child of the British Empire,... ...† (Levy 238). This is very symbolic of the American nature of law in general, as the American ideal is to create a country of responsible citizens, not just to lock them away. The Eighth Amendment’s history, through the tortures of scores of people to the debates over its inception, is filled with examples that define the history of American government. Though not the most discussed amendment during the revolutionary stage, the Eighth Amendment is quite possibly the most controversial article of the Bill of Rights in today’s society, as the question of punishment, specifically the death penalty, is constantly under debate. It is fascinating to study how, even at a time of such confusion and chaos, founders such as Madison and Henry were able to create an amendment that would retain the rights of citizens in a constantly progressing society for centuries to come.